We started this lecture by considering a fun thought experiment that illustrates some of the physics of the principle of holography of information. Consider a set of astrophysicists with sensitive equipment who live near the boundary of AdS. Their equipment can only be used between time $0$ and $\epsilon$. We showed how these astrophysicists could entirely identify a low-energy bulk state using gravitational effects without ever actually exploring the bulk! This shows that, even at low-energies, information in a theory of quantum gravity can be localized very differently from local quantum field theories.
In the last part of the lecture, we reviewed some simple geometric aspects of four dimensional flat space.